What is it?
Joint surfaces move out of normal alignment; fractures, cartilage damage and nerve or vessel injury may coexist.
Symptoms and important signs
Severe pain, deformity and restricted movement.
How is it assessed?
Circulation and nerve checks plus imaging before and after reduction as appropriate.
Care and treatment options
Reduction by trained clinicians, followed by protection and rehabilitation; some cases need surgery.
When to seek help
Do not attempt home reduction. A cold or numb limb is an emergency.